Hydralic Oil Contaminants

These are contaminants from a hydralic line used on the Alaska Pipe Line at Valdez, Alaska. The glass fiber in the background is from the filter. Severe pump wear is indicated by the metal wear particles present. The magnetite spheres present are metal working residues. Natural minerals, rust, abrasive wear metal, Beilby layer errosion, starch, and wear polymers were other contaminants present on this filter.