Scalariform perfurations between vessels are exclusive in many temperate zone hardwoods: Alnus, Arbutus, Betula, Carpinus, Cornus, Ilex, Liquidambar, Liriodendron, Nyssa, Ostrya, and Oxydendron.
Intervessel pits are alternate (diagonal). This is the most common arrangment for temperate zone hardwoods. The pits for Betula are bordered, the opening is linear.
Ray-Vessel pitting is similar to vessel-vessel pitting for Acer, Albizzia, Alnus, Betula, Carya, Catalpa, Cladrastis, Cornus, Diospyros, Fraxinus, Gleditsia, Gymnocladus, Ilex, Junglans, Melia, Nyssa, Paulownia, Platanus, and Rhamnus.